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The Vote Ledger
JH

James John Howard

Representative from New Jersey
HOUSEDEMOCRAT1965–1989ID H000840
Compare
LegislationHEADLINE
95%with Dems
of 4,078 votes
Nominations
—with Dems
of 0 · confirmations only
All contested
95%with Dems
of 4,078 · both combined
Steepest move
+5 pts
1973 → 1975
still a Democrat

Career arc

Legislation leads. Each point is one Congress: how often they sided with the Democratic majority on contested bills, resolutions and amendments.

100%75%50%25%0%sides with Democrats ↑sides with Republicans ↓1965197119771983
1987–88100th Congress
Sat as a Democrat
97.2%with Democrats
of 318 contested votes
Votes for this Congress are open below
Steepest move: 1973 → 1975, +5 pts — while still a Democrat.
Sat as a DemocratSat as a RepublicanVotes available below

Votes

9 of these 9 roll calls have no description. About 25% of roll calls since 1989 are blank in the source too. Some also lack a bill number.

DateBillVoteTypeCastSided with
Mar 23, 1988noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
Mar 23, 1988noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONNAYBOTH · NOT SCORED
Mar 23, 1988noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONNAYBOTH · NOT SCORED
Full textNo description in the source record. What survives: the date, how they voted and which side that matched.Party majoritiesDemocrats Nay · Republicans NayCounts toward scoreNo — both party majorities voted Nay.
Where this lands
NAYVoted with both majorities — not scored
Mar 23, 1988noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONNAYBOTH · NOT SCORED
Mar 22, 1988S. 557No description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEADEM MAJORITY
Mar 22, 1988H.R. 3459No description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
Mar 22, 1988H.R. 285No description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEADEM MAJORITY
Mar 22, 1988H.R. 3757No description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
Mar 17, 1988H.R. 2707No description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
9 most recent roll calls shown · 318 contested votes scored in the 100th CongressAll votes this Congress →

By policy area

career · legislation
Economics and Public Finance94.5% · 811 votes
Congress98.6% · 360 votes
International Affairs93.9% · 262 votes
Armed Forces and National Security95.2% · 227 votes
Government Operations and Politics95.1% · 226 votes
Energy92.8% · 152 votes
Foreign Trade and International Finance93.5% · 108 votes
Labor and Employment99% · 98 votes
Agriculture and Food86.6% · 97 votes
Transportation and Public Works92.5% · 93 votes
Housing and Community Development100% · 71 votes
Taxation91% · 67 votes
Education98.5% · 65 votes
Public Lands and Natural Resources95.2% · 63 votes
Science, Technology, Communications98.4% · 63 votes
Environmental Protection100% · 55 votes
Law100% · 48 votes
Social Welfare100% · 42 votes
Health97.6% · 41 votes
Crime and Law Enforcement92.5% · 40 votes
Commerce94.6% · 37 votes
Immigration91.7% · 24 votes
Finance and Financial Sector90.5% · 21 votes
Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues94.4% · 18 votes
Water Resources Development88.2% · 17 votes
District of Columbia100% · 14 votes
Mines and mineral resources100% · 13 votes
Native Americans100% · 13 votes
Industrial relations100% · 12 votes
Commemorations90% · 10 votes
Too few contested votes to score
Arts, Culture, Religion— · 9 votes
Congressional-Presidential relations— · 9 votes
Independent regulatory commissions— · 9 votes
Lobbying— · 9 votes
Private Legislation— · 9 votes
Vietnamese Conflict— · 9 votes
Depletion allowances— · 7 votes
Electronic surveillance— · 7 votes
Black lung— · 6 votes
Mortgages— · 6 votes
Home repair and improvement— · 5 votes
Constitutional amendments— · 4 votes
Families— · 4 votes
Government securities— · 4 votes
Municipal finance— · 4 votes
Political participation— · 4 votes
Public works— · 4 votes
Social Sciences and History— · 4 votes
Congressional-executive relations— · 3 votes
Credit— · 3 votes
Embargo— · 3 votes
Financial disclosure— · 3 votes
International economic relations— · 3 votes
Petroleum industry— · 3 votes
Postal rates and revenues— · 3 votes
Revenue sharing— · 3 votes
Sports and Recreation— · 3 votes
Coins and coinage— · 2 votes
Conferences— · 2 votes
Contested elections— · 2 votes
Cultural centers— · 2 votes
Executive reorganization— · 2 votes
Indian claims— · 2 votes
Life insurance— · 2 votes
Monuments and memorials— · 2 votes
Museums— · 2 votes
Power resources— · 2 votes
Printing— · 2 votes
Real property— · 2 votes
Youth— · 2 votes
Animals— · 1 vote
Aquaculture— · 1 vote
Barber and beauty shops— · 1 vote
Chemicals— · 1 vote
Congressional oversight— · 1 vote
Day care— · 1 vote
Disabled— · 1 vote
Domestic relations— · 1 vote
Droughts— · 1 vote
Emergency Management— · 1 vote
Government corporations— · 1 vote
Heating— · 1 vote
Impeachments— · 1 vote
Intergovernmental relations— · 1 vote
Lakes— · 1 vote
Livestock— · 1 vote
Motor vehicles— · 1 vote
Noise— · 1 vote
Political representation— · 1 vote
Postal service— · 1 vote
Reclamation of land— · 1 vote
Refugees— · 1 vote
Rehabilitation— · 1 vote
Right of privacy— · 1 vote
Right to counsel— · 1 vote
Rivers— · 1 vote
Territories (U.S.)— · 1 vote

They also voted in 71 areas where the parties never split, so there is nothing to score — never on a contested question: Age and employment, Agriculture in foreign trade, American Revolution Bicentennial, Auditing, Aviation insurance, Awards, medals, prizes, Broadcasting, Cemeteries and funerals, Checks, Child abuse, Child welfare, Citizenship, Clergy, Climate, Clothing industry, Commodity control, Conservation of natural resources, Contempt of legislative bodies, Corporations, Customs administration, Dairy industry, Disaster relief, Earthquakes, Economic stabilization, Emigration, Federal advisory bodies, Federal-state relations, Fire fighters, Fishes, Gambling, Gold, Government life insurance, Government property, Government publications, Human rights, Import restrictions, Income tax, Insect control, Interest, Intergovernmental fiscal relations, International agencies, Leases, Libraries, Lotteries, Marine mammal protection, Marine resources conservation, Minorities, Municipal budgets, Municipal home rule, Municipal politics and government, Narcotics, National emblems, Nuclear facilities, Nuclear weapons, Photovoltaic power systems, Political prisoners, Prices, Public records, Real estate business, Recall of officials, Recreation areas, Referendum, Rural conditions, Salaries, Solar energy, Strategic materials, Terrorism, Tobacco, Volunteer workers, Water conservation, Witnesses.

Blue is the share of votes siding with the Democratic majority; the tick marks 50%.

Service record

12 Congresses
89th · 1965100th · 1987
Democrat · House · NJ89th–100th
Term datesexact
Members · New Jersey
JH

James John Howard

Representative from New Jersey
HOUSED1965–198912 CONGRESSES
Compare
LegislationHEADLINE
94.9%with Democrats
of 4,078 votes · 5.1% with Republicans
Nominations—of 0 votes
All contested95%of 4,078 · combined
Steepest move+5 pts1973→75, as a Democrat

Career arc

10050019651987
1987–88 · 100th · Democrat · of 318 votes97.2%

Legislation leads. Tap a point to read that Congress.

Votes

About 25% of roll calls since 1989 are blank too. These rows carry a date, a bill number where one exists, how they voted and which side that matched.
Democratic majorityNay
Republican majorityNay
Counts toward scoreNo
Open roll call
Latest 6 shown · 318 contested votes scored in the 100th

By policy area

career
Economics and Public Finance94.5% · 811
Congress98.6% · 360
International Affairs93.9% · 262
Armed Forces and National Security95.2% · 227
Government Operations and Politics95.1% · 226
Energy92.8% · 152
Foreign Trade and International Finance93.5% · 108
Labor and Employment99% · 98
Agriculture and Food86.6% · 97
Transportation and Public Works92.5% · 93
Housing and Community Development100% · 71
Taxation91% · 67
Education98.5% · 65
Public Lands and Natural Resources95.2% · 63
Science, Technology, Communications98.4% · 63
Environmental Protection100% · 55
Law100% · 48
Social Welfare100% · 42
Health97.6% · 41
Crime and Law Enforcement92.5% · 40
Commerce94.6% · 37
Immigration91.7% · 24
Finance and Financial Sector90.5% · 21
Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues94.4% · 18
Water Resources Development88.2% · 17
District of Columbia100% · 14
Mines and mineral resources100% · 13
Native Americans100% · 13
Industrial relations100% · 12
Commemorations90% · 10
Arts, Culture, Religion— · 9
Congressional-Presidential relations— · 9
Independent regulatory commissions— · 9
Lobbying— · 9
Private Legislation— · 9
Vietnamese Conflict— · 9
Depletion allowances— · 7
Electronic surveillance— · 7
Black lung— · 6
Mortgages— · 6
Home repair and improvement— · 5
Constitutional amendments— · 4
Families— · 4
Government securities— · 4
Municipal finance— · 4
Political participation— · 4
Public works— · 4
Social Sciences and History— · 4
Congressional-executive relations— · 3
Credit— · 3
Embargo— · 3
Financial disclosure— · 3
International economic relations— · 3
Petroleum industry— · 3
Postal rates and revenues— · 3
Revenue sharing— · 3
Sports and Recreation— · 3
Coins and coinage— · 2
Conferences— · 2
Contested elections— · 2
Cultural centers— · 2
Executive reorganization— · 2
Indian claims— · 2
Life insurance— · 2
Monuments and memorials— · 2
Museums— · 2
Power resources— · 2
Printing— · 2
Real property— · 2
Youth— · 2
Animals— · 1
Aquaculture— · 1
Barber and beauty shops— · 1
Chemicals— · 1
Congressional oversight— · 1
Day care— · 1
Disabled— · 1
Domestic relations— · 1
Droughts— · 1
Emergency Management— · 1
Government corporations— · 1
Heating— · 1
Impeachments— · 1
Intergovernmental relations— · 1
Lakes— · 1
Livestock— · 1
Motor vehicles— · 1
Noise— · 1
Political representation— · 1
Postal service— · 1
Reclamation of land— · 1
Refugees— · 1
Rehabilitation— · 1
Right of privacy— · 1
Right to counsel— · 1
Rivers— · 1
Territories (U.S.)— · 1

Also voted in 71 areas where the parties never split — never on a contested question: Age and employment, Agriculture in foreign trade, American Revolution Bicentennial, Auditing, Aviation insurance, Awards, medals, prizes, Broadcasting, Cemeteries and funerals, Checks, Child abuse, Child welfare, Citizenship, Clergy, Climate, Clothing industry, Commodity control, Conservation of natural resources, Contempt of legislative bodies, Corporations, Customs administration, Dairy industry, Disaster relief, Earthquakes, Economic stabilization, Emigration, Federal advisory bodies, Federal-state relations, Fire fighters, Fishes, Gambling, Gold, Government life insurance, Government property, Government publications, Human rights, Import restrictions, Income tax, Insect control, Interest, Intergovernmental fiscal relations, International agencies, Leases, Libraries, Lotteries, Marine mammal protection, Marine resources conservation, Minorities, Municipal budgets, Municipal home rule, Municipal politics and government, Narcotics, National emblems, Nuclear facilities, Nuclear weapons, Photovoltaic power systems, Political prisoners, Prices, Public records, Real estate business, Recall of officials, Recreation areas, Referendum, Rural conditions, Salaries, Solar energy, Strategic materials, Terrorism, Tobacco, Volunteer workers, Water conservation, Witnesses.

Service record

89th · 1965100th · 1987
Democrat89th–100th

Party switchers

John Alexander LoganD→R · IL · 40thWesley Wade WatkinsD→R · OK · 105thBen Nighthorse CampbellD→R · CO · 104th
AD320 × 50 · Anchor