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The Vote Ledger
JT

John Goodwin Tower

Senator from Texas
SENATEREPUBLICAN1961–1985ID T000322
Compare
LegislationHEADLINE
8%with Dems
of 3,877 votes
Nominations
—with Dems
of 0 · confirmations only
All contested
8%with Dems
of 3,877 · both combined
Steepest move
+10 pts
1977 → 1979
still a Republican

Career arc

Legislation leads. Each point is one Congress: how often they sided with the Democratic majority on contested bills, resolutions and amendments.

100%75%50%25%0%sides with Democrats ↑sides with Republicans ↓1961196719731979
1983–8498th Congress
Sat as a Republican
9.8%with Democrats
of 246 contested votes
Votes for this Congress are open below
Steepest move: 1977 → 1979, +10 pts — within one party label.
Sat as a DemocratSat as a RepublicanVotes available below

Votes

9 of these 9 roll calls have no description. About 25% of roll calls since 1989 are blank in the source too. Some also lack a bill number.

DateBillVoteTypeCastSided with
Oct 12, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEAREP MAJORITY
Oct 12, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
Oct 9, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
Full textNo description in the source record. What survives: the date, how they voted and which side that matched.Party majoritiesDemocrats Yea · Republicans YeaCounts toward scoreNo — both party majorities voted Yea.
Where this lands
YEAVoted with both majorities — not scored
Oct 9, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEANEITHER · NOT SCORED
Oct 5, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEANEITHER · NOT SCORED
Oct 5, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEAREP MAJORITY
Oct 4, 1984S. 3024No description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
Oct 3, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONYEABOTH · NOT SCORED
Oct 3, 1984noneNo description in the source recordLEGISLATIONNAYBOTH · NOT SCORED
9 most recent roll calls shown · 246 contested votes scored in the 98th CongressAll votes this Congress →

By policy area

career · legislation
Economics and Public Finance10.8% · 529 votes
Government Operations and Politics10.5% · 220 votes
Armed Forces and National Security6.3% · 191 votes
Energy3.2% · 156 votes
Taxation3.8% · 133 votes
International Affairs11.8% · 119 votes
Agriculture and Food8.2% · 97 votes
Law1.4% · 73 votes
Public Lands and Natural Resources6.8% · 73 votes
Congress8.7% · 69 votes
Foreign Trade and International Finance9.7% · 62 votes
Transportation and Public Works11.8% · 51 votes
Education2.1% · 48 votes
Social Welfare6.5% · 46 votes
Commerce5.4% · 37 votes
Labor and Employment0% · 36 votes
Immigration14.7% · 34 votes
Environmental Protection3.2% · 31 votes
Animals0% · 30 votes
Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues10.3% · 29 votes
Finance and Financial Sector3.7% · 27 votes
Sports and Recreation8.3% · 24 votes
Depletion allowances0% · 20 votes
Housing and Community Development0% · 19 votes
Health0% · 18 votes
Income tax5.6% · 18 votes
Crime and Law Enforcement5.9% · 17 votes
Power resources0% · 17 votes
Independent regulatory commissions0% · 16 votes
Science, Technology, Communications0% · 13 votes
Congressional-Presidential relations9.1% · 11 votes
Political participation0% · 10 votes
Too few contested votes to score
Political representation— · 9 votes
Automobile insurance— · 8 votes
Economic stabilization— · 8 votes
Public works— · 8 votes
Intergovernmental relations— · 6 votes
Solar heating and cooling— · 6 votes
Age and employment— · 5 votes
Amnesties— · 5 votes
Black lung— · 5 votes
Constitutional amendments— · 5 votes
Day care— · 5 votes
Industrial relations— · 5 votes
Mortgages— · 5 votes
Credit— · 4 votes
Embargo— · 4 votes
Territories (U.S.)— · 4 votes
Families— · 3 votes
Heating— · 3 votes
Mines and mineral resources— · 3 votes
Water Resources Development— · 3 votes
District of Columbia— · 2 votes
Government corporations— · 2 votes
Government securities— · 2 votes
International monetary system— · 2 votes
Motor vehicles— · 2 votes
Petroleum industry— · 2 votes
Private Legislation— · 2 votes
Commemorations— · 1 vote
Congressional oversight— · 1 vote
Conservation of natural resources— · 1 vote
Dairy industry— · 1 vote
Disaster relief— · 1 vote
Federal advisory bodies— · 1 vote
Intergovernmental fiscal relations— · 1 vote
Lobbying— · 1 vote
Monuments and memorials— · 1 vote
Ships and shipping— · 1 vote
Vietnamese Conflict— · 1 vote

They also voted in 42 areas where the parties never split, so there is nothing to score — never on a contested question: Arts, Culture, Religion, Auditing, Awards, medals, prizes, Child abuse, Child welfare, Congressional-executive relations, Disabled, Droughts, Electronic surveillance, Emergency Management, Executive reorganization, Explosives, Gambling, Gold, Government publications, Home repair and improvement, Human experimentation in medicine, Import restrictions, Interest, Investment guaranty insurance, Lakes, Land use, Lead poisoning, Livestock, Medical supplies, Mobile homes, Municipal finance, Native Americans, Nuclear facilities, Nuclear weapons, Postal rates and revenues, Postal service, Range management, Reclamation of land, Refugees, Revenue sharing, Right of privacy, Rivers, Salaries, Social Sciences and History, Strategic materials, Terrorism.

Blue is the share of votes siding with the Democratic majority; the tick marks 50%.

Service record

12 Congresses
87th · 196198th · 1983
Republican · Senate · TX87th–98th
Term datesexact
Members · Texas
JT

John Goodwin Tower

Senator from Texas
SENATER1961–198512 CONGRESSES
Compare
LegislationHEADLINE
7.8%with Democrats
of 3,877 votes · 92.2% with Republicans
Nominations—of 0 votes
All contested8%of 3,877 · combined
Steepest move+10 pts1977→79, as a Republican

Career arc

10050019611983
1983–84 · 98th · Republican · of 246 votes9.8%

Legislation leads. Tap a point to read that Congress.

Votes

About 25% of roll calls since 1989 are blank too. These rows carry a date, a bill number where one exists, how they voted and which side that matched.
Democratic majorityYea
Republican majorityYea
Counts toward scoreNo
Open roll call
Latest 6 shown · 246 contested votes scored in the 98th

By policy area

career
Economics and Public Finance10.8% · 529
Government Operations and Politics10.5% · 220
Armed Forces and National Security6.3% · 191
Energy3.2% · 156
Taxation3.8% · 133
International Affairs11.8% · 119
Agriculture and Food8.2% · 97
Law1.4% · 73
Public Lands and Natural Resources6.8% · 73
Congress8.7% · 69
Foreign Trade and International Finance9.7% · 62
Transportation and Public Works11.8% · 51
Education2.1% · 48
Social Welfare6.5% · 46
Commerce5.4% · 37
Labor and Employment0% · 36
Immigration14.7% · 34
Environmental Protection3.2% · 31
Animals0% · 30
Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues10.3% · 29
Finance and Financial Sector3.7% · 27
Sports and Recreation8.3% · 24
Depletion allowances0% · 20
Housing and Community Development0% · 19
Health0% · 18
Income tax5.6% · 18
Crime and Law Enforcement5.9% · 17
Power resources0% · 17
Independent regulatory commissions0% · 16
Science, Technology, Communications0% · 13
Congressional-Presidential relations9.1% · 11
Political participation0% · 10
Political representation— · 9
Automobile insurance— · 8
Economic stabilization— · 8
Public works— · 8
Intergovernmental relations— · 6
Solar heating and cooling— · 6
Age and employment— · 5
Amnesties— · 5
Black lung— · 5
Constitutional amendments— · 5
Day care— · 5
Industrial relations— · 5
Mortgages— · 5
Credit— · 4
Embargo— · 4
Territories (U.S.)— · 4
Families— · 3
Heating— · 3
Mines and mineral resources— · 3
Water Resources Development— · 3
District of Columbia— · 2
Government corporations— · 2
Government securities— · 2
International monetary system— · 2
Motor vehicles— · 2
Petroleum industry— · 2
Private Legislation— · 2
Commemorations— · 1
Congressional oversight— · 1
Conservation of natural resources— · 1
Dairy industry— · 1
Disaster relief— · 1
Federal advisory bodies— · 1
Intergovernmental fiscal relations— · 1
Lobbying— · 1
Monuments and memorials— · 1
Ships and shipping— · 1
Vietnamese Conflict— · 1

Also voted in 42 areas where the parties never split — never on a contested question: Arts, Culture, Religion, Auditing, Awards, medals, prizes, Child abuse, Child welfare, Congressional-executive relations, Disabled, Droughts, Electronic surveillance, Emergency Management, Executive reorganization, Explosives, Gambling, Gold, Government publications, Home repair and improvement, Human experimentation in medicine, Import restrictions, Interest, Investment guaranty insurance, Lakes, Land use, Lead poisoning, Livestock, Medical supplies, Mobile homes, Municipal finance, Native Americans, Nuclear facilities, Nuclear weapons, Postal rates and revenues, Postal service, Range management, Reclamation of land, Refugees, Revenue sharing, Right of privacy, Rivers, Salaries, Social Sciences and History, Strategic materials, Terrorism.

Service record

87th · 196198th · 1983
Republican87th–98th

Party switchers

John Alexander LoganD→R · IL · 40thWesley Wade WatkinsD→R · OK · 105thBen Nighthorse CampbellD→R · CO · 104th
AD320 × 50 · Anchor